Toxoplasmosis is more commonly congenital or acquired?

• A. Acquired
• B. Congenital (90%)
• C. Both equally
• D. Unknown

Answer: (B)

Toxoplasmosis presents in two main ways: the infection can be passed from a pregnant person to the fetus (congenital) or it can be acquired after birth. In pediatric ophthalmology and NBEO-style teaching, congenital infection is emphasized because it is the classic route associated with ocular disease in children, especially chorioretinitis, and because it carries long-term implications that clinicians look for from birth onward. Many sources describe congenital toxoplasmosis as the form most closely linked with neonatal or early-life eye involvement, with a substantial proportion of pediatric toxoplasmosis cases attributed to this route. While infections acquired after birth are common, they more often affect adults and may be asymptomatic or milder, whereas congenital infection has a stronger association with the eye findings that are a major focus in this context.